I’ve been mulling over the whole IceWeasel thing for a few weeks now. I’m not going to waste your time by going into detail about why using the word “weasel” to sell a web browser is dumb, or why the whole IceWeasel name is childish. Instead, I’m going tell you why there’s nothing wrong with the Mozilla Foundation’s position on their copyrights.
Despite the salacious title of the article, some good coverage and discussion about the whole affair is offered by the engtech blog. Read the comments for a while and you’ll find comments like the one below from poster GK:
I think people are missing the broader picture in all this talk about open source software. Why is Mozilla trying to protect its image and its trademark? Because merchandising has become a significant way it raises income. So naturally they want users to associate the Firefox brand with their icons. The code itself? Wide open — otherwise Debian couldn’t make changes to it and develop their own branch (and brand) of browser.
Over and over I see people talking about Linux becoming a serious player in the OS market, but I seldom see what I think is a crucial element in the strategy to expand market share: embracing a certain amount of commercialization. The folks at Mozilla are trying to earn money with Firefox in a benign way that leaves the code open while keeping the brand intact. It seems entirely reasonable to me. I applaud your defense of Mozilla; it’s right on target.
I tend to agree with this. But it isn’t just about raising money. Marketing is as essential to the survival of an open source project as it is to a closed source one because it gets the project noticed. The process of selling the project is the same in both worlds because to the end-user software is a product, no matter how it is developed. It might be made by volunteers, it might have a price of zero and it might share its blueprints with its competitors, but it’s still a product.
One of the things that gets a product out there is the marketing of a brand. The Mozilla Foundation understands this. They know that word of mouth can only get you so far in the immense web browser market. They know the only way to keep snatching mindshare away from their incumbent rival is to create an consistent, equally powerful brand. Only then do they have a shot at selling its superior features. As I have noted before, this is no small feat, especially when you consider how regular folks view their computers. It has nothing to do with price. The price of a typical web browser is zero, has been for a while. It has nothing to do with giving away the code. Access and use of the Mozilla code has always been free. It has everything to do with getting noticed.
This may seem like such an obvious thing, but I don’t think a lot of FOSS types understand just how important brand recognition is to an open source product. A consumer needs to know what a product is called if he is going to be convinced to get it. A brand gives customers an easy way to identify a product. It attacts new customers and reminds the existing ones of what they’ve got. Since open source offers so many choices to its users, having a consistent, recognisable brand is even more crucial.
A solid brand also adds, rightly or wrongly, a sense of legitimacy. Like Internet Explorer or Opera, the Firefox name is a kind of certification that says to a customer, “This is an authentic Mozilla product. Mozilla certifies this product meets our quality standards and is worthy enough to bear our name.” If the marketing is doing its job, which I think it is, a regular user can see this and feel confident about the program his computer geek friend just put on his computer for him.
Since anyone can distribute a Firefox-based browser, protecting the brand from misuse becomes extremely important. Since Mozilla has no control over what other people do with the code, their brand is the only thing that sets them apart from just any old fork. What the Mozilla people know, and what the Debian people haven’t figured out, is that if a project is going to be taken seriously by mainstream users, there can’t be half-baked, buggy versions of it out there. Strict control of the name is the only way to ensure the consistency and quality of the product.
So while the code is free, the brand is not. Mozilla is a not-for-profit foundation and greed is not what motivates them. Their position on their trademarks is purely practical: control the brand to promote awareness and ensure quality. The essential freedom of open source software is not being taken away. If someone else wants to fork the code and start flogging a Firefox-based browser they are free to do so, just with a different name. This is exactly what the Iceweasel team did, of course. Mind you, in addition to being childish, the some of the reasoning behind the fork strikes me as a bit hypocritical.
The Debian people say the branding restrictions are not free, and it’s something which they cannot abide. Yet the IceWeasel project already has a number of snazzy logos made up. You know, the kind with that really clean, professional looking graded colour fill. I presume they want people to notice their project so in a way, they have already begun the process of creating their own brand.
Every major open source project does this too. Every distro, every app, even obscure little utilities have a logo and an identity. Come to think of it, Debian has a distinctive logo. They even have a slogan: “The Universal Operating System”. No matter what they say about freedom, I’m not really free to start flogging a fork of the Debian distro using their name, their slogan and their logo. They would never stand for it. I would be pressured until I stopped. The only difference between Mozilla and Debian in this regard is the Mozilla people would use the legal system to stop me, rather than flameage and threats from thousands of angry FOSS zealots.
And as for the official code base being autocratically directed by small group of people, well, the Debian folks need to recognise the hypocrisy in that too; the kernel of Linux is ultimately controlled by one guy. He even has a trademark on the word “Linux”.
The free open source software movement is hungry for another victory like Apache, but this time on the desktop of the average joe. The Mozilla Foundation is in a good position to deliver it. They are playing for all the marbles in the browser market and unlike many others in the open source world, they are willing to get down and dirty to take on the beast at its own game. I believe it is this willingness to hold the nose, suck it up and play by the same rules will be what ultimately leads them to market dominance over Internet Explorer. If the Debian folks want to view their work as a mere project, then fine, they can toil away in obscurity all they want. If they actually want regular people to benefit then they had better get down with the idea of selling it like the Mozilla guys do, even if it means playing by a few rules.